Methods to Enhance the Heat Resistance of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

1.VC Copolymers

2.Chlorinated PVC (CPVC)

Prepared via chlorination of PVC resin (chlorine content: 62–68%), CPVC can be continuously used at 100°C (20–35°C higher than PVC), with a maximum service temperature of 100–105°C. It surpasses PVC in chemical stability, flame retardancy, and cold resistance. However, its application is limited by stringent corrosion resistance requirements for chlorination equipment, poor processability, and low impact toughness.

3.Crosslinked PVC

Crosslinked PVC is synthesized through radiation or chemical crosslinking methods. Crosslinked products offer enhanced mechanical strength, dimensional stability, heat deformation resistance, wear resistance, and chemical resistance compared to conventional PVC. Radiation-crosslinked wires can operate continuously at 100–110°C.

4.Polymer Blending

Blending PVC with compatible polymers (e.g., PS, PE, CPVC) at specific ratios forms single-phase structures through molecular-level miscibility, thereby improving properties such as heat resistance.

5.Heat-Resistant Modifiers

Specialized polymers designed to improve PVC heat resistance:

6.Inorganic Fillers

Incorporation of fillers (e.g., calcium carbonate, calcined clay, barium sulfate, titanium dioxide) improves heat resistance.

7.Glass Fiber Reinforcement

Adding 20–30% glass fibers to PVC (especially long fibers) raises the heat distortion temperature to >100°C without significant plasticizer addition, achieving strong resin-fiber adhesion.

8.Vicat Improvement Strategies

9.Commercial Heat-Resistant Modifiers